Building Blocks

Module is a dual 12-bit PWM-to-voltage output DAC with high accuracy. The board is based on the LTC2644 chip. The LTC2644 measures the period and pulse width of the PWM input signals and updates the voltage output DACs after each corresponding PWM input rising edge. The DAC outputs update and settle to 12-bit accuracy within 8μs typically and are capable of sourcing and sinking up to 5mA (3V) or 10mA (5V), eliminating voltage ripple and replacing slow analog filters and buffer amplifiers. The circuit has a full-scale output of 2.5V using the 10ppm/°C internal reference. It can operate with an external reference, which sets the full-scale output equal to the external reference voltage. Each DAC enters a pin-selectable idle state when the PWM input is held unchanged for more than 60ms. The project operates from a single 2.7V to 5.5V supply and supports PWM input voltages from 1.71V to 5.5V. The PWM frequency can be any frequency between 30Hz and 6. 25kHz. The input level can be between 1.71V and 5.5V, set by a separate IO_VCC pin. This project solves many problems associated with filtering a PWM signal to produce an analog voltage, producing a fast-settling, accurate analog voltage in response to a digital PWM input.

This is a two Channel high-side switch designed for automotive applications. It has a built-in overcurrent limit function, thermal shutdown protection function, open load detection function, low power output-OFF function etc. It also has a current sensing function of output load current.

• Resistor R1, R2, R6, R7 limit resistance for the negative surge
• Resistor R3, R8, capacitor C2, C4 for noise suppression filters

The LT1079 draws very little supply current while still delivering low offset voltage and low noise. This makes the module well-suited to battery-powered instrumentation and sensor front-ends where both precision and low power draw matter.

This is a versatile PWM generator module built around the TL494 PWM control chip. The flexible design allows for multiple component configurations to support various applications. Users can customize the module by installing only the components required for their specific application while leaving out unnecessary components.

This is an over-current trip switch. It provides protection to a load when over current condition occurs. Basically, the project trips the relay when there is a short circuit or the load starts drawing much current. When the condition is favorable, press the tactile switch to power the load again. The threshold voltage of the comparator is 0.6V, the over-current limit can be adjusted using the trimmer Potentiometer PR1. Operating supply 12V DC @ 80mA when the relay is ON, load supply 0V to 48V.

This  is a low-cost video distribution amplifier capable of driving up to four video lines. The amplifier is configured with a non-inverting gain of 2. The input video source is terminated in 75 Ohms and is applied to the high impedance non-inverting input. Each output line is connected to the op-amp’s output via 75 Ohms series back termination resistor for proper cable termination. The termination resistor at the other end of the lines divides the output signal by 2, which is compensated by the gain of 2 of the op-amp. The project is built using AD8010 op-amp which is optimized for this specific function of providing excellent video performance in driving multiple video loads in parallel. Significant power is saved and heat sinking is greatly simplified because of the ability of the AD8010 to obtain this performance when running on ±5 V supply. Circuit provides 46dB of output-to-output isolation at 5Mhz driving back terminated 75 Ohms cable. Ferrite beads and high-value ceramic capacitors are used on the power supply input to reduce the noise.

This is a High Voltage Undervoltage (UV), Overvoltage (OV) and Reverse Supply Protection Controller consists of LTC4365 chip and MOSFET. The controller protects the load circuit from input voltages that may be too high, too low or negative. It operates by controlling the gates of two back-back connected MOSFETs to keep the output in safe range. The OV and UV protection levels are adjusted by resistive dividers at the OV and UV pins. Asserting the SHDN pin disables the MOSFETs and places the LTC4365 in a low-current shutdown state. The FAULT pin is asserted when the controller is in shutdown mode or when the input voltage is outside of the UV or OV level.  The LTC4365 can withstand DC voltages between -40V and 60V and has a valid operating range 2.4V to 35V. In this project the circuit is optimized for 12V DC, Undervoltage is set to 5V DC and Overvoltage is 18V DC.

This is an Arduino compatible board for creating 2 Digit Display projects. The circuit operates with 5V DC, Connector CN1 is provided for bootloader programming and Arduino firmware upload. A new Atmega328 chip requires a bootloader and Arduino firmware programming, Connector CN1 helps you with both functions. Follow the link below to learn more about programming using Arduino. Arduino code is available as a download to test the board.

This is an Isolated Potentiometer Module that integrades an LOC110 linear optocoupler, isolated DC-DC converter, an onboard 10K linear potentiometer, and supporting circuitry. This module is designed for reliable operation in VFD drives, process control, PLCs, automation, and other industrial applications where safe analog signal isolation is required.

Thanks to the onboard isolated DC-DC converter, the module operates from a single 5V DC supply, simplifying integration. With full rotation of the potentiometer, the output provides a 0–3.3V DC isolated analog signal, completely isolated from the potentiometer input.

This is a Precision Micro-power true RMS-to-DC converter built using LTC1966 RMS to DC Converter chip and op-amp LTC1494. The RMS to DC that is Converted by LTC1966 and op-amp is used as a post filter to improve AC Response with Offset and Gain Correction. The circuit converts the AC signal into DC. The project works with a single AC input signal and a variety of passive components provided to support configurations for varied applications. Input 1 and Input 2 can be used to feed differential signals. In this case choose appropriate components as per application requirement. Please refer to the datasheet of LTC1966 for more information. The board operates with a dual power supply +/-5V DC. The input voltage range is up to 1V and the output is also up to 1V.

This is a precision, low power, and easy-to-use oscillator that provides multiphase outputs. The output frequency of the project is set to 250Khz, with 40% spread spectrum. The oscillator frequency can be set by resistor R1, and the spread spectrum can be changed using R3. The master oscillator is controlled by the R_SET resistor R1 and has a range of 100khz to 20Mhz. In order to accommodate a wider output frequency range, a programable divider, (divide by 1, 10, 100) is included and can be set using jumper J1.  The integrated programmable multiphase circuit provides either 2, 3, or 4 phase waveforms. The LTC6902’s SSFM capability modulates the oscillator’s frequency by a pseudorandom noise (PRN) signal to spread the oscillator’s energy over a wide frequency band. This spreading decreases the peak electromagnetic radiation level and improves electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance. The amount of frequency spreading is programmable by a single additional external resistor R3 (R_MOD). Refer to 4 Phase output waveform diagram.

The compact module shown here is a linear current source for LED driver and it’s ideal for automotive LED lighting applications. The project is built using a TLD1211 chip from Infineon. The board provides supply to LEDs under the severe condition of automotive applications resulting in constant brightness and extended LED lifetime. The project is capable to drive high current, high brightness LEDs. The circuit features overload, short circuit, over-voltage, and over-temperature protections. It also has the option to control the LED brightness control by an external PWM signal.